![]() ![]() ![]() And this metaphorical language shapes the concepts we live by. ![]() Many of the things we say and do are based on such metaphorical language. We win and lose arguments, we “attack positions, defend our own,” and even take on new lines of attack (459). “Many of the things we do in arguing are structured by the concept of war (459). Lakoff and Johnson use the example of the phrase, “argument is war” to describe the cultural context from which we understand the concept of argument. In the first section, Concepts We Live By, Lakoff and Johnson explain that much of what humans think, experience, and do everyday is “a matter of metaphor”(458). In “Metaphors We Live By,” George Lakoff and Mark Johnson explain that metaphor is much more than just a poetic device-it is essential and pervasive in our everyday language, communication, thoughts, and actions (Lakoff and Johnson 458). ![]()
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